Ans:An atom is composed of a nucleus which contains both protons,which are of +1 charge,and neutrons,which have no charge.An atom is also surrounded by electron shells containing up to 8 electrons,which are of -1 charge.
2. Draw the atomic structure of a sodium atom and a sodium ion....explain why you draw it this way.
Ans:
The sodium atom is drawn according to how many electrons it has,while the sodium ionhad to lose one of its electrons to complete its valence shell and become stable.
Picture from:http://www.google.com.sg/imgres?imgurl=http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/images/diag_sodium.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_aqa/atomic/ionicrev2.shtml&usg=__9X8Y1Q3T4Y1OCZmkxlYMLrulW0I=&h=135&w=232&sz=5&hl=en&start=15&sig2=mETXZFzYxiRv_K2a4rXoxg&zoom=1&tbnid=ej3WGIdtzk7kBM:&tbnh=86&tbnw=148&ei=EbYPTrKbE9DrrQeds7CHBA&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dsodium%2Batom%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1024%26bih%3D556%26gbv%3D2%26tbm%3Disch&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=164&vpy=239&dur=62&hovh=108&hovw=185&tx=51&ty=59&page=2&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:10,s:15&biw=1024&bih=556
3. Draw the atomic structure of a sulfur atom and a sulfide ion....explain why you draw it this way.
Ans:
The sulfur atom is drawn according to the number of electrons it has,while the sulfide ion is an atom which gains 2 electrons to achieve stability and a complete valence shell.
4. Chlorine-35 atom and Chlorine-37 atom are called isotopes...Use these two examples to explain what is 'isotopes'.
Ans:Isotopes are different atoms of the same element which have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.Thus,they have the same proton number,in the case of chlorine,17,and different mass numbers,in the case of chlorine,35 and 37.
5. Sodium is a metal and sulfur is a non-metal....why we classify them this way??
Ans:Sodium is a metal as it is in the group(I) and sulfur is a non-metal as it is in group (VI).Metals are generally in the groups(I),(II),(III) while non-metals are generally in the groups(IV),(V),(VI),(VII),(VIII).
